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P.O. Box 1142 was a secret American military intelligence facility that operated during World War II.〔(World War II Vets Honored For Top-Secret Work ), NPS Digest.〕 The American Military Intelligence Service had two special wings, known as MIS-X and MIS-Y. The MIS-X program focused upon the escape and evasion activities of American POWs in Europe. MIS-Y's core duty was to interview the Prisoners of War (POWs). They were known by their codename, the mailing address "P.O. Box 1142."〔Dvorak, Petula, 2006-08-20, (World War II secret interrogators break their silence, ) ''Washington Post''.〕 Notable prisoners housed at the facility included rocket scientist Wernher von Braun, spymaster Reinhard Gehlen, and Heinz Schlicke, inventor of infrared detection. German U-Boat commander Werner Henke was also a prisoner but was fatally shot when he tried to escape by climbing the fence. P.O. Box 1142 was based in Fort Hunt, Virginia,〔 formerly part of George Washington's farmlands. German scientists, submariners and soldiers were questioned.〔 P.O. Box 1142 obtained valuable intelligence from German POWs and also communicated with Allied POWs overseas. The camp was in violation of the Geneva Conventions because the Red Cross was not notified of the transfer or location of the prisoners, but according to the surviving wardens, torture was not used. The work done at Fort Hunt contributed to the Allied victory of World War II. It also led to advances in scientific technology and military intelligence that directly influenced the Cold War.〔 In October 2007, a group of the former intelligence workers gathered for the first time since the war's conclusion,〔 and a flagpole and plaque recognizing their contributions were dedicated on the original grounds.〔 The camp was started in 1942; the majority of the camp facilities were bulldozed in 1946.〔 The post commanders were: Col Daniel W. Kent (1 July 1942 to 21 October 1942); Col Russell H. Sweet (21 October 1942 to 1 February 1943); Col. John L. Walker (1 February 1943 to 18 July 1945); and Col. Zennas R. Bliss (18 July 1945 to post closure). == Operation Paperclip == PO Box 1142 was one of a number of secret internment facilities commissioned by the United States with the goal to exploit the German scientists recruited as part of Operation Paperclip in Europe. In order to prevent scientists specializing in rocket and other sensitive technologies from falling into Communist hands, the United States became determined to prevent the Soviet Union from seizing scientists with this information prior to the end of the war. The U.S. Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency was responsible for sponsoring the operation and took a specific focus on the scientists who had worked on Hitler’s V2 Rocket program. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「P. O. Box 1142」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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